Лабораторные работы по ПО/Настройка почтового сервера Postfix: различия между версиями

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===Виртуальные пользователи и домены, почтовый сервер на основе Postfix, Courier, MySQL и SquirrelMail (Ubuntu 8,04 LTS).===
 
===Виртуальные пользователи и домены, почтовый сервер на основе Postfix, Courier, MySQL и SquirrelMail (Ubuntu 8,04 LTS).===
  
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Версия 1.0
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''Версия 1.0
 
Автор: Falko Timme <ft [at] falkotimme [dot] com>
 
Автор: Falko Timme <ft [at] falkotimme [dot] com>
 
Последнее редактирование 05/15/2008
 
Последнее редактирование 05/15/2008
Строка 7: Строка 7:
 
Оригинальный текст руководства можно найти по следующему адресу [http://www.howtoforge.org/virtual-users-domains-postfix-courier-mysql-squirrelmail-ubuntu8.04]  
 
Оригинальный текст руководства можно найти по следующему адресу [http://www.howtoforge.org/virtual-users-domains-postfix-courier-mysql-squirrelmail-ubuntu8.04]  
  
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Права на данное руководство принадлежат Falko Timme (Copyright (c) 2008 by Falko Timme). Оно взято из учебника Christoph Haas, которое вы можете найти по адресу  http://workaround.org. Вы можете свободно использовать данное руководство, оно распространяется по лицензии Creative Commons версии 2.5 и других более поздних версий.
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Права на данное руководство принадлежат Falko Timme (Copyright (c) 2008 by Falko Timme). Оно взято из учебника Christoph Haas, которое вы можете найти по адресу  http://workaround.org. Вы можете свободно использовать данное руководство, оно распространяется по лицензии Creative Commons версии 2.5 и других более поздних версий.''
  
 
В данном руководстве описана установка почтового сервера Postfix, в который использует виртуальных пользователей и виртуальные домены (т.е. все учетные записи и наименование доменов сохраняются в базе данных MySQL). Также показана установка и настройка Courier (Courier-POP3, Courier-IMAP), с возможностью аутентификации Postfix с использованием базы данных MySQL.  
 
В данном руководстве описана установка почтового сервера Postfix, в который использует виртуальных пользователей и виртуальные домены (т.е. все учетные записи и наименование доменов сохраняются в базе данных MySQL). Также показана установка и настройка Courier (Courier-POP3, Courier-IMAP), с возможностью аутентификации Postfix с использованием базы данных MySQL.  

Версия 14:49, 10 декабря 2010

Виртуальные пользователи и домены, почтовый сервер на основе Postfix, Courier, MySQL и SquirrelMail (Ubuntu 8,04 LTS).

Версия 1.0 Автор: Falko Timme <ft [at] falkotimme [dot] com> Последнее редактирование 05/15/2008 Перевод: Глушков Вадим <plusv [at] yandex [dot] ru> Оригинальный текст руководства можно найти по следующему адресу [1]

Права на данное руководство принадлежат Falko Timme (Copyright (c) 2008 by Falko Timme). Оно взято из учебника Christoph Haas, которое вы можете найти по адресу http://workaround.org. Вы можете свободно использовать данное руководство, оно распространяется по лицензии Creative Commons версии 2.5 и других более поздних версий.

В данном руководстве описана установка почтового сервера Postfix, в который использует виртуальных пользователей и виртуальные домены (т.е. все учетные записи и наименование доменов сохраняются в базе данных MySQL). Также показана установка и настройка Courier (Courier-POP3, Courier-IMAP), с возможностью аутентификации Postfix с использованием базы данных MySQL.

В результате Postfix будет поддерживать SMTP-AUTH, TLS и quota (по умолчанию поддержка квот не встроена в Postfix и я покажу как необходимо применить patch к Postfix). Пароли будут хранится в базе данных в зашифрованном виде (в большинстве руководств я обнаружил, что пароли хранятся в не зашифрованном виде в текстовых файлах, которые создают угрозу безопасности). Кроме этого в данном руководстве рассмотрена установка и настройка Amavisd, SpamAssassin и ClamAV это дает возможность сканировать сообщения на наличие вирусов и спама. Я также покажу как установить веб интерфейс к почте SquirrelMail для того чтобы пользователи могли получать, отправлять почту изменять свои пароли.

Преимущество такой «виртуальной» установки (виртуальные пользователи и домены хранятся в базе данных MySQL) состоит в том, что такая установка обладает большей гибкостью и мощностью, чем установка с «реальными» пользователями. С таким «виртуальным» почтовым сервером можно легко обрабатывать тысячи пользователей и доменов. Кроме этого ими легче управлять, так управление осуществляется через базу данных MySQL, вы с легкостью можете добавлять новые или изменять существующие. Отпадает необходимость использование команды postmap для создания bd файлов, нет необходимости перезагрузки Postfix и т.п. Для управления базой данных вы можете использовать веб инструменты, такие как phpmyadmin, установка которого также описана в данном руководстве. Третье преимущество заключается в том, что пользователи будут иметь адрес электронной почты в качестве имени пользователя электронной почты (вместо имени пользователя + адрес электронной почты), которые легче понять и запомнить.

Этот документ предназначен для использования в качестве практического руководства в нем не раскрыты теоретические основы. Они представлены во множестве других документах в Интернет.

Этот документ поставляется без гарантий любого рода! Я хочу сказать, что это не единственный способ создания такой системы. Есть много способов достижения этой цели, но это такой, который я принял. Я не выдают никаких гарантий, что это будет работать у Вас!

1. Предварительные замечания

Это руководство для Ubuntu 8.04 Server (Hardy Heron), вам необходимо произвести базовую установку Ubuntu 8.04 server перед началом. Система должна иметь статический IP адрес. На ней должен корректно быть настроен BIND (с зоной srvX.lab6.nntc, где X - номер виртуальной машины), в качестве hostname должен быть выставлен имя домена.

Это можно сделать с помощью команд: 

#echo "srvX.lab6.nntc" > /etc/hostname
#hostname -F /etc/hostname

А затем проверим работоспособоность нового имя командой: 

#hostname

Если в ответ мы видим: 

srvX.lab6.nntc

то мы все сделали правильно. 

Я использую 192.168.6.1 как мой IP адрес в данном руководстве и srv1.lab6.nntc как имя хоста.

Make sure that you are logged in as root (type in

sudo su

to become root), because we must run all the steps from this tutorial as root user.

It is very important that you make /bin/sh a symlink to /bin/bash...

ln -sf /bin/bash /bin/sh

... and that you disable AppArmor:

/etc/init.d/apparmor stop update-rc.d -f apparmor remove

2 Install Postfix, Courier, Saslauthd, MySQL, phpMyAdmin

To install Postfix, Courier, Saslauthd, MySQL, and phpMyAdmin, we simply run

apt-get install postfix postfix-mysql postfix-doc mysql-client mysql-server courier-authdaemon courier-authlib-mysql courier-pop courier-pop-ssl courier-imap courier-imap-ssl postfix-tls libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-sql sasl2-bin libpam-mysql openssl phpmyadmin apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 php5 php5-mysql libpam-smbpass Click here to find out more!

You will be asked a few questions:

New password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword Repeat password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword Create directories for web-based administration? <-- No General type of mail configuration: <-- Internet Site System mail name: <-- server1.example.com SSL certificate required <-- Ok Web server to reconfigure automatically: <-- apache2


3 Apply The Quota Patch To Postfix

We have to get the Postfix sources, patch it with the quota patch, build new Postfix .deb packages and install those .deb packages:

apt-get install build-essential dpkg-dev fakeroot debhelper libgdbm-dev libldap2-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libsasl2-dev postgresql-server-dev-8.2 po-debconf dpatch libmysqlclient15-dev lsb-release libcdb-dev libdb-dev

cd /usr/src apt-get source postfix

(Make sure you use the correct Postfix version in the following commands. I have Postfix 2.5.1 installed. You can find out your Postfix version by running

postconf -d | grep mail_version

The output should look like this:

root@server1:/usr/src# postconf -d | grep mail_version mail_version = 2.5.1 milter_macro_v = $mail_name $mail_version root@server1:/usr/src#

)

wget http://vda.sourceforge.net/VDA/postfix-2.5.1-vda-ng.patch.gz gunzip postfix-2.5.1-vda-ng.patch.gz cd postfix-2.5.1 patch -p1 < ../postfix-2.5.1-vda-ng.patch dpkg-buildpackage

You might see a warning like this at the end of the dpkg-buildpackage command:

dpkg-buildpackage: warning: Failed to sign .dsc and .changes file

You can ignore this message.

Now we go one directory up, that's where the new .deb packages have been created:

cd ..

The command

ls -l

shows you the available packages:

root@server1:/usr/src# ls -l total 5804 drwxr-sr-x 19 root src 4096 2008-05-15 00:36 postfix-2.5.1 -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 235739 2008-05-15 00:35 postfix_2.5.1-2ubuntu1.diff.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 787 2008-05-15 00:35 postfix_2.5.1-2ubuntu1.dsc -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 2236 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.changes -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 1165838 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 3153629 2008-02-26 03:04 postfix_2.5.1.orig.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 57952 2008-03-24 01:51 postfix-2.5.1-vda-ng.patch -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 39796 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-cdb_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 139888 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-dev_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_all.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 916386 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-doc_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_all.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 46694 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-ldap_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 41730 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-mysql_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 41530 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-pcre_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 41796 2008-05-15 00:37 postfix-pgsql_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb root@server1:/usr/src#

Pick the postfix and postfix-mysql packages and install them like this:

dpkg -i postfix_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb dpkg -i postfix-mysql_2.5.1-2ubuntu1_i386.deb


4 Create The MySQL Database For Postfix/Courier

Now we create a database called mail:

mysqladmin -u root -p create mail

Next, we go to the MySQL shell:

mysql -u root -p

On the MySQL shell, we create the user mail_admin with the passwort mail_admin_password (replace it with your own password) who has SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE privileges on the mail database. This user will be used by Postfix and Courier to connect to the mail database:

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON mail.* TO 'mail_admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mail_admin_password'; GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON mail.* TO 'mail_admin'@'localhost.localdomain' IDENTIFIED BY 'mail_admin_password'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Still on the MySQL shell, we create the tables needed by Postfix and Courier:

USE mail;

CREATE TABLE domains ( domain varchar(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (domain) ) TYPE=MyISAM;

CREATE TABLE forwardings ( source varchar(80) NOT NULL, destination TEXT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (source) ) TYPE=MyISAM;

CREATE TABLE users ( email varchar(80) NOT NULL, password varchar(20) NOT NULL, quota INT(10) DEFAULT '10485760', PRIMARY KEY (email) ) TYPE=MyISAM;

CREATE TABLE transport ( domain varchar(128) NOT NULL default , transport varchar(128) NOT NULL default , UNIQUE KEY domain (domain) ) TYPE=MyISAM;

quit;

As you may have noticed, with the quit; command we have left the MySQL shell and are back on the Linux shell.

The domains table will store each virtual domain that Postfix should receive emails for (e.g. example.com). domain example.com

The forwardings table is for aliasing one email address to another, e.g. forward emails for info@example.com to sales@example.com. source destination info@example.com sales@example.com

The users table stores all virtual users (i.e. email addresses, because the email address and user name is the same) and passwords (in encrypted form!) and a quota value for each mail box (in this example the default value is 10485760 bytes which means 10MB). email password quota sales@example.com No9.E4skNvGa. ("secret" in encrypted form) 10485760

The transport table is optional, it is for advanced users. It allows to forward mails for single users, whole domains or all mails to another server. For example, domain transport example.com smtp:[1.2.3.4]

would forward all emails for example.com via the smtp protocol to the server with the IP address 1.2.3.4 (the square brackets [] mean "do not make a lookup of the MX DNS record" (which makes sense for IP addresses...). If you use a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) instead you would not use the square brackets.).

BTW, (I'm assuming that the IP address of your mail server system is 192.168.0.100) you can access phpMyAdmin over http://192.168.0.100/phpmyadmin/ in a browser and log in as mail_admin. Then you can have a look at the database. Later on you can use phpMyAdmin to administrate your mail server.

5 Configure Postfix

Now we have to tell Postfix where it can find all the information in the database. Therefore we have to create six text files. You will notice that I tell Postfix to connect to MySQL on the IP address 127.0.0.1 instead of localhost. This is because Postfix is running in a chroot jail and does not have access to the MySQL socket which it would try to connect if I told Postfix to use localhost. If I use 127.0.0.1 Postfix uses TCP networking to connect to MySQL which is no problem even in a chroot jail (the alternative would be to move the MySQL socket into the chroot jail which causes some other problems).

Please make sure that /etc/mysql/my.cnf contains the following line:

vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf

[...] bind-address = 127.0.0.1 [...]

If you had to modify /etc/mysql/my.cnf, please restart MySQL now:

/etc/init.d/mysql restart

Run

netstat -tap | grep mysql

to make sure that MySQL is listening on 127.0.0.1 (localhost.localdomain):

root@server1:/usr/src# netstat -tap | grep mysql tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql *:* LISTEN 6177/mysqld root@server1:/usr/src#

Now let's create our six text files.

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT domain AS virtual FROM domains WHERE domain='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_forwardings.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT destination FROM forwardings WHERE source='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailboxes.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT CONCAT(SUBSTRING_INDEX(email,'@',-1),'/',SUBSTRING_INDEX(email,'@',1),'/') FROM users WHERE email='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_email2email.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT email FROM users WHERE email='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_transports.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT transport FROM transport WHERE domain='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf

user = mail_admin password = mail_admin_password dbname = mail query = SELECT quota FROM users WHERE email='%s' hosts = 127.0.0.1

Then change the permissions and the group of these files:

chmod o= /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_*.cf chgrp postfix /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_*.cf

Now we create a user and group called vmail with the home directory /home/vmail. This is where all mail boxes will be stored.

groupadd -g 5000 vmail useradd -g vmail -u 5000 vmail -d /home/vmail -m

Next we do some Postfix configuration. Go sure that you replace server1.example.com with a valid FQDN, otherwise your Postfix might not work properly!

postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.example.com' postconf -e 'mydestination = server1.example.com, localhost, localhost.localdomain' postconf -e 'mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8' postconf -e 'virtual_alias_domains =' postconf -e 'virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_forwardings.cf, mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_email2email.cf' postconf -e 'virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf' postconf -e 'virtual_mailbox_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailboxes.cf' postconf -e 'virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail' postconf -e 'virtual_uid_maps = static:5000' postconf -e 'virtual_gid_maps = static:5000' postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes' postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes' postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes' postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination' postconf -e 'smtpd_use_tls = yes' postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.cert' postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.key' postconf -e 'transport_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_transports.cf' postconf -e 'virtual_create_maildirsize = yes' postconf -e 'virtual_maildir_extended = yes' postconf -e 'virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf' postconf -e 'virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes' postconf -e 'virtual_maildir_limit_message = "The user you are trying to reach is over quota."' postconf -e 'virtual_overquota_bounce = yes' postconf -e 'proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps'

Afterwards we create the SSL certificate that is needed for TLS:

cd /etc/postfix openssl req -new -outform PEM -out smtpd.cert -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout smtpd.key -keyform PEM -days 365 -x509

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: <-- Enter your Country Name (e.g., "DE"). State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: <-- Enter your State or Province Name. Locality Name (eg, city) []: <-- Enter your City. Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: <-- Enter your Organization Name (e.g., the name of your company). Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: <-- Enter your Organizational Unit Name (e.g. "IT Department"). Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: <-- Enter the Fully Qualified Domain Name of the system (e.g. "server1.example.com"). Email Address []: <-- Enter your Email Address.

Then change the permissions of the smtpd.key:

chmod o= /etc/postfix/smtpd.key


6 Configure Saslauthd

First run

mkdir -p /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd

Then edit /etc/default/saslauthd. Set START to yes and change the line OPTIONS="-c -m /var/run/saslauthd" to OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r":

vi /etc/default/saslauthd

  2. Settings for saslauthd daemon
  3. Please read /usr/share/doc/sasl2-bin/README.Debian for details.
  1. Should saslauthd run automatically on startup? (default: no)

START=yes

  1. Description of this saslauthd instance. Recommended.
  2. (suggestion: SASL Authentication Daemon)

DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon"

  1. Short name of this saslauthd instance. Strongly recommended.
  2. (suggestion: saslauthd)

NAME="saslauthd"

  1. Which authentication mechanisms should saslauthd use? (default: pam)
  3. Available options in this Debian package:
  4. getpwent -- use the getpwent() library function
  5. kerberos5 -- use Kerberos 5
  6. pam -- use PAM
  7. rimap -- use a remote IMAP server
  8. shadow -- use the local shadow password file
  9. sasldb -- use the local sasldb database file
  10. ldap -- use LDAP (configuration is in /etc/saslauthd.conf)
  12. Only one option may be used at a time. See the saslauthd man page
  13. for more information.
  15. Example: MECHANISMS="pam"

MECHANISMS="pam"

  1. Additional options for this mechanism. (default: none)
  2. See the saslauthd man page for information about mech-specific options.

MECH_OPTIONS=""

  1. How many saslauthd processes should we run? (default: 5)
  2. A value of 0 will fork a new process for each connection.

THREADS=5

  1. Other options (default: -c -m /var/run/saslauthd)
  2. Note: You MUST specify the -m option or saslauthd won't run!
  4. See /usr/share/doc/sasl2-bin/README.Debian for Debian-specific information.
  5. See the saslauthd man page for general information about these options.
  7. Example for postfix users: "-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
  8. OPTIONS="-c -m /var/run/saslauthd"

OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r"

Then create the file /etc/pam.d/smtp. It should contain only the following two lines (go sure to fill in your correct database details):

vi /etc/pam.d/smtp

auth required pam_mysql.so user=mail_admin passwd=mail_admin_password host=127.0.0.1 db=mail table=users usercolumn=email passwdcolumn=password crypt=1 account sufficient pam_mysql.so user=mail_admin passwd=mail_admin_password host=127.0.0.1 db=mail table=users usercolumn=email passwdcolumn=password crypt=1

Next create the file /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf. It should look like this:

vi /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf

pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: plain login allow_plaintext: true auxprop_plugin: mysql sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1 sql_user: mail_admin sql_passwd: mail_admin_password sql_database: mail sql_select: select password from users where email = '%u'

Next add the postfix user to the sasl group (this makes sure that Postfix has the permission to access saslauthd):

adduser postfix sasl

Then restart Postfix and Saslauthd:

/etc/init.d/postfix restart /etc/init.d/saslauthd restart


7 Configure Courier

Now we have to tell Courier that it should authenticate against our MySQL database. First, edit /etc/courier/authdaemonrc and change the value of authmodulelist so that it reads:

vi /etc/courier/authdaemonrc

[...] authmodulelist="authmysql" [...]

Then make a backup of /etc/courier/authmysqlrc and empty the old file:

cp /etc/courier/authmysqlrc /etc/courier/authmysqlrc_orig cat /dev/null > /etc/courier/authmysqlrc

Then open /etc/courier/authmysqlrc and put the following lines into it:

vi /etc/courier/authmysqlrc

MYSQL_SERVER localhost MYSQL_USERNAME mail_admin MYSQL_PASSWORD mail_admin_password MYSQL_PORT 0 MYSQL_DATABASE mail MYSQL_USER_TABLE users MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password

  1. MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD password

MYSQL_UID_FIELD 5000 MYSQL_GID_FIELD 5000 MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD email MYSQL_HOME_FIELD "/home/vmail" MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD CONCAT(SUBSTRING_INDEX(email,'@',-1),'/',SUBSTRING_INDEX(email,'@',1),'/')

  1. MYSQL_NAME_FIELD

MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota

Then restart Courier:

/etc/init.d/courier-authdaemon restart /etc/init.d/courier-imap restart /etc/init.d/courier-imap-ssl restart /etc/init.d/courier-pop restart /etc/init.d/courier-pop-ssl restart

By running

telnet localhost pop3

you can see if your POP3 server is working correctly. It should give back +OK Hello there. (Type quit to get back to the Linux shell.)

root@server1:/etc/postfix# telnet localhost pop3 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain. Escape character is '^]'. +OK Hello there. quit +OK Better luck next time. Connection closed by foreign host. root@server1:/etc/postfix#


8 Modify /etc/aliases

Now we should open /etc/aliases. Make sure that postmaster points to root and root to your own username or your email address, e.g. like this:

vi /etc/aliases

[...] postmaster: root root: postmaster@yourdomain.tld [...]

or like this (if administrator is your own username):

[...] postmaster: root root: administrator [...]

Whenever you modify /etc/aliases, you must run

newaliases

afterwards and restart Postfix:

/etc/init.d/postfix restart

9 Install amavisd-new, SpamAssassin, And ClamAV

To install amavisd-new, spamassassin and clamav, run the following command:

apt-get install amavisd-new spamassassin clamav clamav-daemon zoo unzip bzip2 unzoo libnet-ph-perl libnet-snpp-perl libnet-telnet-perl nomarch lzop pax

Afterwards we must configure amavisd-new. The configuration is split up in various files which reside in the /etc/amavis/conf.d directory. Take a look at each of them to become familiar with the configuration. Most settings are fine, however we must modify three files:

First we must enable ClamAV and SpamAssassin in /etc/amavis/conf.d/15-content_filter_mode by uncommenting the @bypass_virus_checks_maps and the @bypass_spam_checks_maps lines:

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/15-content_filter_mode

The file should look like this:

use strict;

  1. You can modify this file to re-enable SPAM checking through spamassassin
  2. and to re-enable antivirus checking.
  2. Default antivirus checking mode
  3. Uncomment the two lines below to enable it back

@bypass_virus_checks_maps = ( 

  \%bypass_virus_checks, \@bypass_virus_checks_acl, \$bypass_virus_checks_re);


  2. Default SPAM checking mode
  3. Uncomment the two lines below to enable it back

@bypass_spam_checks_maps = ( 

  \%bypass_spam_checks, \@bypass_spam_checks_acl, \$bypass_spam_checks_re);

1; # ensure a defined return

And then you should take a look at the spam settings and the actions for spam-/virus-mails in /etc/amavis/conf.d/20-debian_defaults. There's no need to change anything if the default settings are ok for you. The file contains many explanations so there's no need to explain the settings here:

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/20-debian_defaults

[...] $QUARANTINEDIR = "$MYHOME/virusmails"; $quarantine_subdir_levels = 1; # enable quarantine dir hashing

$log_recip_templ = undef; # disable by-recipient level-0 log entries $DO_SYSLOG = 1; # log via syslogd (preferred) $syslog_ident = 'amavis'; # syslog ident tag, prepended to all messages $syslog_facility = 'mail'; $syslog_priority = 'debug'; # switch to info to drop debug output, etc

$enable_db = 1; # enable use of BerkeleyDB/libdb (SNMP and nanny) $enable_global_cache = 1; # enable use of libdb-based cache if $enable_db=1

$inet_socket_port = 10024; # default listening socket

$sa_spam_subject_tag = '***SPAM*** '; $sa_tag_level_deflt = 2.0; # add spam info headers if at, or above that level $sa_tag2_level_deflt = 6.31; # add 'spam detected' headers at that level $sa_kill_level_deflt = 6.31; # triggers spam evasive actions $sa_dsn_cutoff_level = 10; # spam level beyond which a DSN is not sent

$sa_mail_body_size_limit = 200*1024; # don't waste time on SA if mail is larger $sa_local_tests_only = 0; # only tests which do not require internet access?

[...] $final_virus_destiny = D_DISCARD; # (data not lost, see virus quarantine) $final_banned_destiny = D_BOUNCE; # D_REJECT when front-end MTA $final_spam_destiny = D_BOUNCE; $final_bad_header_destiny = D_PASS; # False-positive prone (for spam) [...]

Finally, edit /etc/amavis/conf.d/50-user and add the line $pax='pax'; in the middle:

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/50-user

use strict;

  2. Place your configuration directives here. They will override those in
  3. earlier files.
  5. See /usr/share/doc/amavisd-new/ for documentation and examples of
  6. the directives you can use in this file

$pax='pax';

  1. ------------ Do not modify anything below this line -------------

1; # ensure a defined return

Afterwards, run these commands to add the clamav user to the amavis group and to restart amavisd-new and ClamAV:

adduser clamav amavis /etc/init.d/amavis restart /etc/init.d/clamav-daemon restart /etc/init.d/clamav-freshclam restart

Now we have to configure Postfix to pipe incoming email through amavisd-new:

postconf -e 'content_filter = amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024' postconf -e 'receive_override_options = no_address_mappings'

Afterwards append the following lines to /etc/postfix/master.cf:

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf

[...] amavis unix - - - - 2 smtp 

       -o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
       -o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes

127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - - - - smtpd 

       -o content_filter=
       -o local_recipient_maps=
       -o relay_recipient_maps=
       -o smtpd_restriction_classes=
       -o smtpd_client_restrictions=
       -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
       -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
       -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
       -o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
       -o strict_rfc821_envelopes=yes
       -o receive_override_options=no_unknown_recipient_checks,no_header_body_checks
       -o smtpd_bind_address=127.0.0.1

Then restart Postfix:

/etc/init.d/postfix restart

Now run

netstat -tap

and you should see Postfix (master) listening on port 25 (smtp) and 10025, and amavisd-new on port 10024:

root@server1:/etc/postfix# netstat -tap Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10024 *:* LISTEN 15645/amavisd (mast tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10025 *:* LISTEN 16677/master tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql *:* LISTEN 6177/mysqld tcp 0 0 *:www *:* LISTEN 5367/apache2 tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN 16677/master tcp6 0 0 [::]:imaps [::]:* LISTEN 14020/couriertcpd tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3s [::]:* LISTEN 14088/couriertcpd tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3 [::]:* LISTEN 14051/couriertcpd tcp6 0 0 [::]:imap2 [::]:* LISTEN 13983/couriertcpd tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssh [::]:* LISTEN 4006/sshd tcp6 0 52 server1.example.com:ssh 192.168.0.210%8191:3340 ESTABLISHED 4059/0 root@server1:/etc/postfix#


10 Install Razor, Pyzor And DCC And Configure SpamAssassin

Razor, Pyzor and DCC are spamfilters that use a collaborative filtering network. To install Razor and Pyzor, run

apt-get install razor pyzor

DCC isn't available in the Ubuntu 8.04 repositories, so we install it as follows:

cd /tmp wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/11564361/dcc-server_1.3.42-5_i386.deb wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/11564359/dcc-common_1.3.42-5_i386.deb dpkg -i dcc-common_1.3.42-5_i386.deb dpkg -i dcc-server_1.3.42-5_i386.deb

Now we have to tell SpamAssassin to use these three programs. Edit /etc/spamassassin/local.cf and add the following lines to it:

vi /etc/spamassassin/local.cf

[...]

  1. dcc

use_dcc 1 dcc_path /usr/bin/dccproc

  1. pyzor

use_pyzor 1 pyzor_path /usr/bin/pyzor

  1. razor

use_razor2 1 razor_config /etc/razor/razor-agent.conf

  1. bayes

use_bayes 1 use_bayes_rules 1 bayes_auto_learn 1

Then we must enable the DCC plugin in SpamAssassin. Open /etc/spamassassin/v310.pre and uncomment the loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::DCC line:

vi /etc/spamassassin/v310.pre

[...]

  1. DCC - perform DCC message checks.
  3. DCC is disabled here because it is not open source. See the DCC
  4. license for more details.

loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::DCC [...]

You can check your SpamAssassin configuration by executing:

spamassassin --lint

It shouldn't show any errors.

Restart amavisd-new afterwards:

/etc/init.d/amavis restart

Now we update our SpamAssassin rulesets as follows:

sa-update --no-gpg

We create a cron job so that the rulesets will be updated regularly. Run

crontab -e

to open the cron job editor. Create the following cron job:

23 4 */2 * * /usr/bin/sa-update --no-gpg &> /dev/null

This will update the rulesets every second day at 4.23h.


11 Quota Exceedance Notifications

If you want to get notifications about all the email accounts that are over quota, then do this:

cd /usr/local/sbin/ wget http://puuhis.net/vhcs/quota.txt mv quota.txt quota_notify chmod 755 quota_notify

Open /usr/local/sbin/quota_notify and edit the variables at the top. Further down in the file (towards the end) there are two lines where you should add a % sign:

vi /usr/local/sbin/quota_notify

[...] my $POSTFIX_CF = "/etc/postfix/main.cf"; my $MAILPROG = "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t"; my $WARNPERCENT = 80; my @POSTMASTERS = ('postmaster@yourdomain.tld'); my $CONAME = 'My Company'; my $COADDR = 'postmaster@yourdomain.tld'; my $SUADDR = 'postmaster@yourdomain.tld'; my $MAIL_REPORT = 1; my $MAIL_WARNING = 1; [...] 

          print "Subject: WARNING: Your mailbox is $lusers{$luser}% full.\n";

[...] 

          print "Your mailbox: $luser is $lusers{$luser}% full.\n\n";

[...]

Run

crontab -e

to create a cron job for that script:

0 0 * * * /usr/local/sbin/quota_notify &> /dev/null

12 Test Postfix

To see if Postfix is ready for SMTP-AUTH and TLS, run

telnet localhost 25

After you have established the connection to your Postfix mail server type

ehlo localhost

If you see the lines

250-STARTTLS

and

250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN

everything is fine:

root@server1:/usr/local/sbin# telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain. Escape character is '^]'. 220 server1.example.com ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu) ehlo localhost 250-server1.example.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN 250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. root@server1:/usr/local/sbin#

Type

quit

to return to the system shell.


13 Populate The Database And Test

To populate the database you can use the MySQL shell:

mysql -u root -p USE mail;

At least you have to create entries in the tables domains and users:

INSERT INTO `domains` (`domain`) VALUES ('example.com'); INSERT INTO `users` (`email`, `password`, `quota`) VALUES ('sales@example.com', ENCRYPT('secret'), 10485760);

(Please take care that you use the ENCRYPT syntax in the second INSERT statement in order to encrypt the password!)

If you want to make entries in the other two tables, that would look like this:

INSERT INTO `forwardings` (`source`, `destination`) VALUES ('info@example.com', 'sales@example.com'); INSERT INTO `transport` (`domain`, `transport`) VALUES ('example.com', 'smtp:mail.example.com');

To leave the MySQL shell, type

quit;

For most people it is easier if they have a graphical front-end to MySQL; therefore you can also use phpMyAdmin (in this example under http://192.168.0.100/phpmyadmin/ or http://server1.example.com/phpmyadmin/) to administrate the mail database. Again, when you create a user, go sure that you use the ENCRYPT function to encrypt the password:

I do not think I have to explain the domains and users table further.

The forwardings table can have entries like the following: source destination info@example.com sales@example.com Redirects emails for info@example.com to sales@example.com @example.com thomas@example.com Creates a Catch-All account for thomas@example.com. All emails to example.com will arrive at thomas@example.com, except those that exist in the users table (i.e., if sales@example.com exists in the users table, mails to sales@example.com will still arrive at sales@example.com). @example.com @anotherdomain.tld This redirects all emails to example.com to the same user at anotherdomain.tld. E.g., emails to thomas@example.com will be forwarded to thomas@anotherdomain.tld. info@example.com sales@example.com, billing@anotherdomain.tld Forward emails for info@example.com to two or more email addresses. All listed email addresses under destination receive a copy of the email.

The transport table can have entries like these: domain transport example.com : Delivers emails for example.com locally. This is as if this record would not exist in this table at all. example.com smtp:mail.anotherdomain.tld Delivers all emails for example.com via smtp to the server mail.anotherdomain.com. example.com smtp:mail.anotherdomain.tld:2025 Delivers all emails for example.com via smtp to the server mail.anotherdomain.com, but on port 2025, not 25 which is the default port for smtp. example.com

smtp:[1.2.3.4] smtp:[1.2.3.4]:2025 smtp:[mail.anotherdomain.tld] The square brackets prevent Postfix from doing lookups of the MX DNS record for the address in square brackets. Makes sense for IP addresses. .example.com smtp:mail.anotherdomain.tld Mail for any subdomain of example.com is delivered to mail.anotherdomain.tld.

  • smtp:mail.anotherdomain.tld All emails are delivered to mail.anotherdomain.tld.

joe@example.com smtp:mail.anotherdomain.tld Emails for joe@example.com are delivered to mail.anotherdomain.tld.

See

man transport

for more details.

Please keep in mind that the order of entries in the transport table is important! The entries will be followed from the top to the bottom.

Important: Postfix uses a caching mechanism for the transports, therefore it might take a while until you changes in the transport table take effect. If you want them to take effect immediately, run

postfix reload

after you have made your changes in the transport table.


14 Send A Welcome Email For Creating Maildir

When you create a new email account and try to fetch emails from it (with POP3/IMAP) you will probably get error messages saying that the Maildir doesn't exist. The Maildir is created automatically when the first email arrives for the new account. Therefore it's a good idea to send a welcome email to a new account.

First, we install the mailx package:

apt-get install mailx

To send a welcome email to sales@example.com, we do this:

mailx sales@example.com

You will be prompted for the subject. Type in the subject (e.g. Welcome), then press ENTER, and in the next line type your message. When the message is finished, press ENTER again so that you are in a new line, then press CTRL+D; if you don't want to cc the mail, press ENTER again:

root@server1:/usr/local/sbin# mailx sales@example.com Subject: Welcome <-- ENTER Welcome! Have fun with your new mail account. <-- ENTER <-- CTRL+D Cc: <-- ENTER root@server1:/usr/local/sbin#

15 Installing SquirrelMail

SquirrelMail is a webmail interface that will let your users send and receive emails in a browser. This chapter shows how to install it and adjust it to our setup so that users can even change their email account password from the SquirrelMail interface.

To install SquirrelMail, we run:

apt-get install squirrelmail php-pear

Next we copy the Apache configuration that comes with the SquirrelMail package to the /etc/apache2/conf.d directory and restart Apache:

cp /etc/squirrelmail/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/squirrelmail.conf /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

SquirrelMail comes with some pre-installed plugins, unfortunately none of them is capable of letting us change our email password in our MySQL database. But there's the Change SQL Password plugin which we can install manually:

The plugin depends on the Pear-DB package so we install it:

pear install DB

Then we install the Change SQL Password plugin itself:

cd /usr/share/squirrelmail/plugins wget http://www.squirrelmail.org/countdl.php?fileurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.squirrelmail.org%2Fplugins%2Fchange_sqlpass-3.3-1.2.tar.gz tar xvfz change_sqlpass-3.3-1.2.tar.gz cd change_sqlpass cp config.php.sample config.php

Now we must edit config.php and adjust it to our setup. Please adjust the $csp_dsn, $lookup_password_query, $password_update_queries, $password_encryption, $csp_salt_static, and $csp_delimiter variables as follows and comment out $csp_salt_query:

vi config.php

[...] $csp_dsn = 'mysql://mail_admin:mail_admin_password@localhost/mail'; [...] $lookup_password_query = 'SELECT count(*) FROM users WHERE email = "%1" AND password = %4'; [...] $password_update_queries = array('UPDATE users SET password = %4 WHERE email = "%1"'); [...] $password_encryption = 'MYSQLENCRYPT'; [...] $csp_salt_static = 'LEFT(password, 2)'; [...] //$csp_salt_query = 'SELECT salt FROM users WHERE username = "%1"'; [...] $csp_delimiter = '@'; [...]

The complete file looks as follows:

<?php

/** 

 * SquirrelMail Change SQL Password Plugin
 * Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Tyler Akins
 *               2002 Thijs Kinkhorst <kink@users.sourceforge.net>
 *               2002-2005 Paul Lesneiwski <paul@openguild.net>
 * This program is licensed under GPL. See COPYING for details
 *
 * @package plugins
 * @subpackage Change SQL Password
 *
 */



  // Global Variables, don't touch these unless you want to break the plugin
  //
  global $csp_dsn, $password_update_queries, $lookup_password_query,
         $force_change_password_check_query, $password_encryption,
         $csp_salt_query, $csp_salt_static, $csp_secure_port,
         $csp_non_standard_http_port, $csp_delimiter, $csp_debug,
         $min_password_length, $max_password_length, $include_digit_in_password,
         $include_uppercase_letter_in_password, $include_lowercase_letter_in_password,
         $include_nonalphanumeric_in_password;



  // csp_dsn
  //
  // Theoretically, any SQL database supported by Pear should be supported
  // here.  The DSN (data source name) must contain the information needed
  // to connect to your database backend. A MySQL example is included below.
  // For more details about DSN syntax and list of supported database types,
  // please see:
  //   http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.database.db.intro-dsn.php
  //
  $csp_dsn = 'mysql://mail_admin:mail_admin_password@localhost/mail';



  // lookup_password_query
  //
  // This plugin will always verify the user's old password
  // against their login password, but an extra check can also
  // be done against the database for more security if you
  // desire.  If you do not need the extra password check,
  // make sure this setting is empty.
  //
  // This is a query that returns a positive value if a user
  // and password pair are found in the database.
  //
  // This query should return one value (one row, one column), the
  // value being ideally a one or a zero, simply indicating that
  // the user/password pair does in fact exist in the database.
  //
  //   %1 in this query will be replaced with the full username
  //      (including domain), such as "jose@example.com"
  //   %2 in this query will be replaced with the username (without
  //      any domain portion), such as "jose"
  //   %3 in this query will be replaced with the domain name,
  //      such as "example.com"
  //   %4 in this query will be replaced with the current (old)
  //      password in whatever encryption format is needed per other
  //      plugin configuration settings (Note that the syntax of
  //      the password will be provided depending on your encryption
  //      choices, so you NEVER need to provide quotes around this
  //      value in the query here.)
  //   %5 in this query will be replaced with the current (old)
  //      password in unencrypted plain text.  If you do not use any
  //      password encryption, %4 and %5 will be the same values,
  //      except %4 will have double quotes around it and %5 will not.
  //
  //$lookup_password_query = ;
  // TERRIBLE SECURITY: $lookup_password_query = 'SELECT count(*) FROM users WHERE username = "%1" AND plain_password = "%5"';
  //$lookup_password_query = 'SELECT count(*) FROM users WHERE username = "%1" AND crypt_password = %4';
  $lookup_password_query = 'SELECT count(*) FROM users WHERE email = "%1" AND password = %4';



  // password_update_queries
  //
  // An array of SQL queries that will all be executed
  // whenever a password change attempt is made.
  //
  // Any number of queries may be included here.
  // The queries will be executed in the order given here.
  //
  //   %1 in all queries will be replaced with the full username
  //      (including domain), such as "jose@example.com"
  //   %2 in all queries will be replaced with the username (without
  //      any domain portion), such as "jose"
  //   %3 in all queries will be replaced with the domain name,
  //      such as "example.com"
  //   %4 in all queries will be replaced with the new password
  //      in whatever encryption format is needed per other
  //      plugin configuration settings (Note that the syntax of
  //      the password will be provided depending on your
  //      encryption choices, so you NEVER need to provide quotes
  //      around this value in the queries here.)
  //   %5 in all queries will be replaced with the new password
  //      in unencrypted plain text - BEWARE!  If you do not use
  //      any password encryption, %4 and %5 will be the same
  //      values, except %4 will have double quotes around it
  //      and %5 will not.
  //

// $password_update_queries = array( // 'UPDATE users SET crypt_password = %4 WHERE username = "%1"', // 'UPDATE user_flags SET force_change_pwd = 0 WHERE username = "%1"', // 'UPDATE users SET crypt_password = %4, force_change_pwd = 0 WHERE username = "%1"', // ); 

  $password_update_queries = array('UPDATE users SET password = %4 WHERE email = "%1"');



  // force_change_password_check_query
  //
  // A query that checks for a flag that indicates if a user
  // should be forced to change their password.  This query
  // should return one value (one row, one column) which is
  // zero if the user does NOT need to change their password,
  // or one if the user should be forced to change it now.
  //
  // This setting should be an empty string if you do not wish
  // to enable this functionality.
  //
  //   %1 in this query will be replaced with the full username
  //      (including domain), such as "jose@example.com"
  //   %2 in this query will be replaced with the username (without
  //      any domain portion), such as "jose"
  //   %3 in this query will be replaced with the domain name,
  //      such as "example.com"
  //
  //$force_change_password_check_query = 'SELECT IF(force_change_pwd = "yes", 1, 0) FROM users WHERE username = "%1"';
  //$force_change_password_check_query = 'SELECT force_change_pwd FROM users WHERE username = "%1"';
  $force_change_password_check_query = ;



  // password_encryption
  //
  // What encryption method do you use to store passwords
  // in your database?  Please use one of the following,
  // exactly as you see it:
  //
  //   NONE          Passwords are stored as plain text only
  //   MYSQLPWD      Passwords are stored using the MySQL password() function
  //   MYSQLENCRYPT  Passwords are stored using the MySQL encrypt() function
  //   PHPCRYPT      Passwords are stored using the PHP crypt() function
  //   MD5CRYPT      Passwords are stored using encrypted MD5 algorithm
  //   MD5           Passwords are stored as MD5 hash
  //
  //$password_encryption = 'MYSQLPWD';
  $password_encryption = 'MYSQLENCRYPT';



  // csp_salt_query
  // csp_salt_static
  //
  // Encryption types that need a salt need to know where to get
  // that salt.  If you have a constant, known salt value, you
  // should define it in $csp_salt_static.  Otherwise, leave that
  // value empty and define a value for the $csp_salt_query.
  //
  // Leave both values empty if you do not need (or use) salts
  // to encrypt your passwords.
  //
  // The query should return one value (one row, one column) which
  // is the salt value for the current user's password.  This
  // query is ignored if $csp_salt_static is anything but empty.
  //
  //   %1 in this query will be replaced with the full username
  //      (including domain), such as "jose@example.com"
  //   %2 in this query will be replaced with the username (without
  //      any domain portion), such as "jose"
  //   %3 in this query will be replaced with the domain name,
  //      such as "example.com"
  //
  //$csp_salt_static = 'LEFT(crypt_password, 2)';
  //$csp_salt_static = '"a4"';  // use this format with MYSQLENCRYPT
  //$csp_salt_static = '$2$blowsomefish$';  // use this format with PHPCRYPT
  //$csp_salt_static = ;
  $csp_salt_static = 'LEFT(password, 2)';

  //$csp_salt_query = 'SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX(crypt_password, '$', 1) FROM users WHERE username = "%1"';
  //$csp_salt_query = 'SELECT SUBSTRING(crypt_password, (LENGTH(SUBSTRING_INDEX(crypt_password, '$', 2)) + 2)) FROM users WHERE username = "%1"';
  //$csp_salt_query = 'SELECT salt FROM users WHERE username = "%1"';
  //$csp_salt_query = ;



  // csp_secure_port
  //
  // You may ensure that SSL encryption is used during password
  // change by setting this to the port that your HTTPS is served
  // on (443 is typical).  Set to zero if you do not wish to force
  // an HTTPS connection when users are changing their passwords.
  //
  // You may override this value for certain domains, users, or
  // service levels through the Virtual Host Login (vlogin) plugin
  // by setting a value(s) for $vlogin_csp_secure_port in the vlogin
  // configuration.
  //
  $csp_secure_port = 0;
  //$csp_secure_port = 443;



  // csp_non_standard_http_port
  //
  // If you serve standard HTTP web requests on a non-standard
  // port (anything other than port 80), you should specify that
  // port number here.  Set to zero otherwise.
  //
  // You may override this value for certain domains, users, or
  // service levels through the Virtual Host Login (vlogin) plugin
  // by setting a value(s) for $vlogin_csp_non_standard_http_port
  // in the vlogin configuration.
  //
  //$csp_non_standard_http_port = 8080;
  $csp_non_standard_http_port = 0;



  // min_password_length
  // max_password_length
  // include_digit_in_password
  // include_uppercase_letter_in_password
  // include_lowercase_letter_in_password
  // include_nonalphanumeric_in_password
  //
  // You can set the minimum and maximum password lengths that
  // you accept or leave those settings as zero to indicate that
  // no limit should be applied.
  //
  // Turn on any of the other settings here to check that the
  // new password contains at least one digit, upper case letter,
  // lower case letter and/or one non-alphanumeric character.
  //
  $min_password_length = 6;
  $max_password_length = 0;
  $include_digit_in_password = 0;
  $include_uppercase_letter_in_password = 0;
  $include_lowercase_letter_in_password = 0;
  $include_nonalphanumeric_in_password = 0;



  // csp_delimiter
  //
  // if your system has usernames with something other than
  // an "@" sign separating the user and domain portion,
  // specify that character here
  //
  //$csp_delimiter = '|';
  $csp_delimiter = '@';



  // debug mode
  //
  $csp_debug = 0;


?>

The Change SQL Password plugin also depends on the Compatibility plugin which we install as follows:

cd /usr/share/squirrelmail/plugins wget http://www.squirrelmail.org/countdl.php?fileurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.squirrelmail.org%2Fplugins%2Fcompatibility-2.0.11-1.0.tar.gz tar xvfz compatibility-2.0.11-1.0.tar.gz

Now we must go into the SquirrelMail configuration and tell SquirrelMail that we use Courier as our POP3 and IMAP server and enable the Change SQL Password and the Compatibility plugins:

/usr/sbin/squirrelmail-configure

You'll see the following menu. Navigate through it as indicated:

SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Main Menu -- 1. Organization Preferences 2. Server Settings 3. Folder Defaults 4. General Options 5. Themes 6. Address Books 7. Message of the Day (MOTD) 8. Plugins 9. Database 10. Languages

D. Set pre-defined settings for specific IMAP servers

C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- D


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php

While we have been building SquirrelMail, we have discovered some preferences that work better with some servers that don't work so well with others. If you select your IMAP server, this option will set some pre-defined settings for that server.

Please note that you will still need to go through and make sure everything is correct. This does not change everything. There are only a few settings that this will change.

Please select your IMAP server: 

   bincimap    = Binc IMAP server
   courier     = Courier IMAP server
   cyrus       = Cyrus IMAP server
   dovecot     = Dovecot Secure IMAP server
   exchange    = Microsoft Exchange IMAP server
   hmailserver = hMailServer
   macosx      = Mac OS X Mailserver
   mercury32   = Mercury/32
   uw          = University of Washington's IMAP server

   quit        = Do not change anything

Command >> <-- courier 


             imap_server_type = courier
        default_folder_prefix = INBOX.
                 trash_folder = Trash
                  sent_folder = Sent
                 draft_folder = Drafts
           show_prefix_option = false
         default_sub_of_inbox = false

show_contain_subfolders_option = false 

           optional_delimiter = .
                delete_folder = true

Press any key to continue... <-- press some key


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Main Menu -- 1. Organization Preferences 2. Server Settings 3. Folder Defaults 4. General Options 5. Themes 6. Address Books 7. Message of the Day (MOTD) 8. Plugins 9. Database 10. Languages

D. Set pre-defined settings for specific IMAP servers

C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- 8


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Plugins 

 Installed Plugins

 Available Plugins:
   1. abook_take
   2. administrator
   3. bug_report
   4. calendar
   5. change_sqlpass
   6. compatibility
   7. delete_move_next
   8. demo
   9. filters
   10. fortune
   11. info
   12. listcommands
   13. mail_fetch
   14. message_details
   15. newmail
   16. sent_subfolders
   17. spamcop
   18. squirrelspell
   19. test
   20. translate

R Return to Main Menu C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- 6 (or whatever number the compatibility plugin has - it's needed by the change_sqlpass plugin)


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Plugins 

 Installed Plugins
   1. compatibility

 Available Plugins:
   2. abook_take
   3. administrator
   4. bug_report
   5. calendar
   6. change_sqlpass
   7. delete_move_next
   8. demo
   9. filters
   10. fortune
   11. info
   12. listcommands
   13. mail_fetch
   14. message_details
   15. newmail
   16. sent_subfolders
   17. spamcop
   18. squirrelspell
   19. test
   20. translate

R Return to Main Menu C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- 6 (the number of the change_sqlpass plugin)


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Plugins 

 Installed Plugins
   1. compatibility
   2. change_sqlpass

 Available Plugins:
   3. abook_take
   4. administrator
   5. bug_report
   6. calendar
   7. delete_move_next
   8. demo
   9. filters
   10. fortune
   11. info
   12. listcommands
   13. mail_fetch
   14. message_details
   15. newmail
   16. sent_subfolders
   17. spamcop
   18. squirrelspell
   19. test
   20. translate

R Return to Main Menu C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- S


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Plugins 

 Installed Plugins
   1. compatibility
   2. change_sqlpass

 Available Plugins:
   3. abook_take
   4. administrator
   5. bug_report
   6. calendar
   7. delete_move_next
   8. demo
   9. filters
   10. fortune
   11. info
   12. listcommands
   13. mail_fetch
   14. message_details
   15. newmail
   16. sent_subfolders
   17. spamcop
   18. squirrelspell
   19. test
   20. translate

R Return to Main Menu C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> S

Data saved in config.php Press enter to continue... <-- press some key


SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)

Plugins 

 Installed Plugins
   1. compatibility
   2. change_sqlpass

 Available Plugins:
   3. abook_take
   4. administrator
   5. bug_report
   6. calendar
   7. delete_move_next
   8. demo
   9. filters
   10. fortune
   11. info
   12. listcommands
   13. mail_fetch
   14. message_details
   15. newmail
   16. sent_subfolders
   17. spamcop
   18. squirrelspell
   19. test
   20. translate

R Return to Main Menu C Turn color on S Save data Q Quit

Command >> <-- Q

Now you can type in http://server1.example.com/squirrelmail or http://192.168.0.100/squirrelmail in your browser to access SquirrelMail.

Log in with your email address (e.g. sales@example.com) and your password:

Click to enlarge

You should find the welcome email in your inbox:

Click to enlarge

Click to enlarge

To change your password, go to Options and then select Change Password:

Click to enlarge

Type in your current password and then your new password twice:

Click to enlarge

SquirrelMail will tell you if the password has been changed successfully:

Click to enlarge

Источник — https://wiki.nntc.nnov.ru/index.php?title=Лабораторные_работы_по_ПО/Настройка_почтового_сервера_Postfix&oldid=6168